甘肃省阿克塞哈萨克族自治县夏季鸟类调查

１９９７－０５－０８在甘肃省西部阿克塞哈萨克族自治县境内进行了野外鸟类调查;调查的生境类型包括山区,沙漠,戈壁,草原,湖泊;采用路线观察和定点观察的方法统计鸟类种类和数量;共记录鸟类６７种,分属１０目,２２科。     

The reliability and rationale of Hackman and Oldham's Job Diagnostic Survey and Job Characteristics Model among seasonal hotel workers

This study examines the reliability of Hackman and Oldham's Job Diagnostic Survey and the validity of their Job Characteristics Model among seasonal hotel workers in the UK. One hundred and sixty-three useable questionnaires were returned. The analyses chosen (multiple and off-diagonal correlations, multiple and partial regressions) are similar to those used by the authors in their original assessment. In general, reliability scores were comparable with those of Hackman and Oldham, supporting the validity of the Job Diagnostic Survey and theoretical tenets of their theory of work motivation. In addition, hotel workers were satisfied with their jobs despite, in some cases, poor working conditions. This likely to be explained by the opportunity hotels provide for social interaction among workers rather than the p-11 resence of ‘tangible’ objective job elements espoused by popular notions of motivation.     

Ritual legitimation, de-coupling and the budgetary process: managing organizational hypocrisies in a multinational company

The study of participation in the budgetary cycle has formed a prominent part of the research literature concerned with the budgetary process. More recently there has emerged a body of literature concerned with exploring the political and symbolic nature of the budgetary process. The paper reports upon the outcomes of an empirical study of the introduction of `budgetary participation' in a division of a European subsidiary of a large North American car manufacturer. We detail the long process of consultation and negotiation within the subsidiary, and between it and the European Headquarters. The study provides a revealing instance of the roles of formal budget participation as a ritual of control and legitimation without the substantive involvement of middle managers and suggested to us the introduction of de-coupling and organizational hypocrisy alongside the introduction of budget participation. The study pays close attention to the contingent effects of the wider political context of the division and the relationships between the division, its organizational context and organizational environment, and how this context played upon the budgetary process in the division. The outcomes that we analyse at `Delta' reflect the de-coupling strategies and organizational hypocrisies commonly found in public sector organizations. In this wider setting the corporation persists with the ritual of `tight' budget negotiation and target setting and apparent underachievement in performance. Yet we conclude that the complex technological and political context to the formation and siting of Delta continued and may continue to support its existence.$g0     

Issues in the Design and Analysis of Panel Studies: A Cursory Review

This paper offers a broad review of some aspects in the design and analysis of panel studies, chiefly of household panel surveys. Both the analytic benefits and the potential problems of panel surveys are briefly outlined, and selected methodological and operational issues, which crucially affect data quality are highlighted. These questions are then considered under four headings: (i) dynamic population and its implications for initial sampling and following rules; (ii) panel length and number of waves; (iii) tracking and tracing techniques, and other strategies for maintaining high participation rates; (iv) questionnaire design and strategies for collecting retrospective information. While no technical details are offered, there is some discussion of the possible drawbacks and advantages of the different approaches described.     

农业地球化学综合调查与农业可持续发展

地质科学向农业渗透,是地质与农业共同发展的结合点.文章分析了开展农业地球化学综合调查的意义和农业地球化学综合调查工作的现状.就如何开展农业地球化学综合调查,文章作者提出了自己的看法和建议.     

O2O模式与新零售的异同及其拓展趋势研究

相比于传统零售业,O2O模式中商家服务的定位更加准确,为用户提供了更好的消费体验,初步实现了线上线下的融合与互通。而新零售对O2O有了进一步的延伸与改变,它的销售、服务范围更广泛;物流参与度更充分;供应链也发生改变;电子商务与传统零售业更充分融合。为适应新零售时代的发展趋势,应促进O2O向新零售模式拓展。     

基于表情识别技术的学生课堂状态检测

为了解决在线教学模式下学生学习状态难以监测的问题,提出了利用表情识别技术对学生课堂状态进行检测的方法。首先,利用摄像头定时截取学生课堂图像,对其进行预处理,识别获取人脸数据;其次,利用表情识别方法分析学生上课状态,将人脸表情分类为7种,并再次划分为积极、消极、中性3种状态来判断学生课堂参与度与专注度;最后,将可视化数据推向教师,教师可根据学生上课状态,优化课堂教学,提高教学质量。实验过程中为了降低计算功耗,提高表情识别准确度,采用添加通道注意力机制的轻量级模型mini_Xception作为表情识别的训练网络,并使用该改进的mini_Xception网络在公开数据集Fer2013,CK+上进行训练。实验结果表明,该网络相较于ResNet-18网络在Fer2013,CK+上的识别准确率分别提高了7.97%和3.81%,且与原始mini_Xception网络和已有的几个文献的表情识别结果相比均有提高,能更好地检测到学生的学习状态和表情变化。因此,将表情识别技术应用于在线教学,可辅助教师获取屏幕前学生的课堂学习状态,并据此适时优化课堂教学,提升教学效果,对提高线上教学质量有实际的应用价值。     

基于微信支付的新型020商业模式探析

电商的销售模式从传统的B2C、C2C模式逐渐进化到现今热门的融合线上虚拟经济和线下实体经济的020模式。本文分析了借助于近年来兴起的以智能手机等移动终端为载体的移动支付手段一一微信支付，它将传统线下商家的经营模式和电子商务进行整合，打造基于微信支付的新型020（从线下到线上）的商业模式，介绍了020模式以及微信支付的现状，着重阐述了该模式的优势、安全性和发展前景。     

Assessing the Impact of Price Promotions on Consumer Response to Online Stockouts

The recent growth of e‐commerce technologies has disrupted the traditional retail environment, leading to more consumers shopping online. While the manner in which consumers shop is changing rapidly, our understanding of how changing consumer behaviors affect retail supply chain management is lacking. In particular, our understanding of how consumers react to stockouts in an online shopping environment remains unclear. Making the challenge even more difficult is the fact that price promotions are heavily used to attract consumers in an online retail environment where consumer switching costs are low. This research develops a theoretical framework, based on expectation‐disconfirmation theory, to explain the effect of price promotions on consumer expectations of product availability and their reactions to stockouts in an online retail environment. Surprisingly, our findings suggest that consumers are actually less dissatisfied with a stockout of a price promoted item than a nonprice promoted product and are less likely to switch to another retailer's website. These findings may suggest that price promotions actually create a type of switching cost in the online retail environment, leading to interesting implications for researchers and supply chain managers.     

负向在线点评有效性影响因素研究——基于社会网络视角的实证研究

以Web2．0社区搜索型产品负向点评为对象，依据社会网络理论，研究了负向在线点评发出方特征、发出方与接收方关系特征对负向在线点评有效性的影响。结果表明，发出方最出度正向影响点评的有效性；发出方与接收方互动规模与感知有效性呈弱向关系；互动认同度会增强两者之间的正向关系。